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Journal of Biological Rhythms
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Gender Dimorphism in the Role of cycle (BMAL1) in Rest, Rest Regulation, and Longevity in Drosophila melanogaster

Joan C. Hendricks

Center for Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA

Sumei Lu

Center for Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA

Kazuhiko Kume

Department of Stem Cell Research, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Jerry C.-P. Yin

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA

Zhaohai Yang

Center for Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA

Amita Sehgal

Center for Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA

The central clock is generally thought to provide timing information for rest/activity but not to otherwise participate in regulation of these states. To test the hypothesis that genes that are components of the molecular clock also regulate rest, the authors quantified the duration and intensity of consolidated rest and activity for the four viable Drosophila mutations of the central clock that lead to arrhythmic locomotor behavior and for the pdf mutant that lacks pigment dispersing factor, an output neuropeptide. Only the cycle (cyc0¹) and Clock (ClkJrk) mutants had abnormalities that mapped to the mutant locus, namely, decreased consolidated rest and grossly extended periods of activity. All mutants with the exception of the cyc0¹ fly exhibited a qualitatively normal compensatory rebound after rest deprivation. This abnormal response in cyc0¹ was sexually dimorphic, being reduced or absent in males and exaggerated in females. Finally, the cyc0¹ mutation shortened the life span of male flies. These data indicate that cycle regulates rest and life span in male Drosophila.

Key Words: Drosophila • sleep-like rest • gender dimorphism • sleep regulation • longevity • BMAL1

Journal of Biological Rhythms, Vol. 18, No. 1, 12-25 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/0748730402239673
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