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Retinal Innervation of Calbindin-D28K Cells in the Hamster Suprachiasmatic Nucleus: Ultrastructural Characterization
Damani N. Bryant
Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
Joseph LeSauter
Department of Psychology, Barnard College, New York, NY 10027, USA
Rae Silver
Department of Psychology, Barnard College, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
Maria-Teresa Romero
Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
The authors have described a subregion of the hamster hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) containing cells that are immunopositive for the cytosolic calcium-binding protein, Calbindin-D28K (CaBP). Several lines of evidence indicate that this region may constitute the site of the pacemaker cells that are responsible for the regulation of circadian locomotor rhythms. First, 79% of the CaBP-immunoreactive (ir) neurons express Fos in response to photic stimulation, indicating that they are close to or part of the input pathway to pacemakers. Second, at the light microscopy level, retinal terminals innervate the CaBP subnucleus. Finally, destruction of this subnucleus renders animals arrhythmic in locomotor activity. In this study, the authors examined the ultrastructural relationship between cholera toxin (CT[.beta]) labeled retinal fibers and the CaBP-ir subregion within the hamster SCN. CT[.beta]-ir retinal terminals make primarily axo-somatic, symmetric, synaptic contacts with CaBP-ir perikarya. In addition, retinal terminals form synapses with CaBPprocesses as well as with unidentified profiles. There are also complex interactions between retinal terminals, CaBP perikarya, and unidentified profiles. Given that axo-somatic synaptic input has a more potent influence on a cell's electrical activity than does axo-dendritic synaptic input, cells of the CaBP subregion of the SCN are ideally suited to respond rapidly to photic stimulation to reset circadian pacemakers.
Key Words: calcium-binding proteins • calbindin-D28K • CaBP • pacemaker • suprachiasmatic nucleus • retinal terminals • electron microscopy • circadian rhythms
Journal of Biological Rhythms, Vol. 15, No. 2,
103-111 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/074873040001500204
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