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Journal of Biological Rhythms
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The Circadian Rhythm of Thermoregulation in Japanese Quail: III. Effects of Melatonin Administration

Herbert Underwood

Department of Zoology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617

Kent Edmonds

Department of Zoology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617

Recent studies indicate that the circadian pacemakers in the eyes of Japanese quail are coupled to the rest of the circadian system by both neural and hormonal outputs. The effects of exogenous melatonin administration on cir cadian body temperature and activity rhythms of quail were tested to determine whether melatonin could be the hormonal link involved. Continuous melatonin administration caused arrhythmicity or period changes in the body temperature and activity rhythms of pinealectomized and sham-pinealectomized birds held in constant darkness and also significantly decreased the amplitude of the body temperature rhythms of normal birds held on light:dark 12:12. Further, mela tonin entrained the body temperature and activity rhythms of normal birds when administered daily via the drinking water. The results show that melatonin can affect the circadian system of quail and support the hypothesis that melatonin is importantly involved in linking pacemakers in the eyes to the rest of the circadian system.

Key Words: Japanese quail • circadian • melatonin • eyes • thermoregulation

Journal of Biological Rhythms, Vol. 10, No. 4, 284-298 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/074873049501000402
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