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Slow-Wave Sleep in Daytime and Nocturnal Sleep: An Estimate of the Time Course of "Process S"

Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada

Alistair W. MacLean

Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada

Laura Salem

Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada

Charles Vetere

Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada

Margot Coulter

Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada

Daan et al. (1984) have proposed that sleep and wakefulness are regulated, in part, by a "Process S" that increases during wakefulness and declines during sleep. Data derived from several studies were taken to determine the time course of Process S during both wake fulness and sleep. As required by the model, slow-wave-sleep (SWS; an index of Process S) was found to increase exponentially as a function of prior wake time (equation 1) and to decline exponentially as a function of time asleep (equation 2). The equations accounted for 91% and 96% of the variance, respectively. In addition, equation 1 accurately predicted the amount the amount of SWS in the first hour of nocturnal sleep.

Journal of Biological Rhythms, Vol. 1, No. 4, 303-308 (1986)
DOI: 10.1177/074873048600100404


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